Diversification Bibliography

Submitted by: Vasu Ramanujam, Vasudevan.Ramanujam@case.edu
Last updated: 23rd January, 1995

Abell, D. F., Defining the Business: The Starting Point of Strategic Planning, Prentice- Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1980.

Adkins, L. `Divestitures: a new business rage,' Dun's Review, March 1981, pp. 111- 114.

Allen, S. A. `Understanding reorganizations of divisionalized companies,' Academy of Management Journal, 22, 1979, pp. 641- 671.

Allison, G. T. Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis, Little, Brown and Company, Boston, MA, 1971.

Amihud, Y. and B. Lev. `Risk reduction as a managerial motive for conglomerate mergers,' The Bell Journal of Economics, 1981, pp. 605- 617.

Amit, R. and J. Livnat. `Diversification strategies, business cycles and economic performance,' Strategic Management Journal, 9, 1988a, pp. 99- 110

Amit, R. and J. Livnat. `Diversification and the risk- return trade- off,' Academy of Management Journal, 31, 1988b, pp.154- 166

Amey, L. R. `Diversified manufacturing businesses,' Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 127, 1964, pp. 251- 290.

Ansoff, H. I. `Strategies for diversification,' Harvard Business Review, 35 (5), 1957, pp. 113- 124.

Ansoff, H. I. `A model for diversification,' Management Science, 4, 1958, pp. 392- 414.

Ansoff, H. I. Corporate Strategy, McGraw- Hill, New York, 1965.

Arnould, R. J. `Conglomerate growth and public policy,' In L. Gordon (Ed.), Economics of Conglomerate Growth, Department of Agricultural Economics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 1969.

Asquith, P. `Merger bids, uncertainty, and stockholder returns,' Journal of Financial Economics, 11, April 1983, pp. 51- 83.

Backaitis, N. T., R. Balakrishnan and K. R. Harrigan. `The dimensions of diversification posture, market power, and performance: the continuing debate,' Working Paper, Columbia University, 1984.

Baker, H. K., T. O. Miller and B. J. Ramsperger. `A typology of merger motives,' Akron Business and Law Review, 1981, pp. 24- 29.

Bane, W, T. and F. F. Neubauer. `Diversification and the failure of new foreign activities,' Strategic Management Journal, 2, 1981, pp. 219- 233.

Barton, S. L. `Diversification strategy and systematic risk: another look, Academy of Management Journal, 31, 1988, 166- 175.

Bass, F. M., P. J. Cattin and D. R. Wittink. `Firm effects and industry effects in the analysis of market structure and profitability,' Journal of Marketing Research, 15, pp. 3- 10.

Beattie, D. L. `Conglomerate diversification and performance: a survey and time series analysis,' Applied Economics, 1980, pp. 251- 273.

Berg, N. `Strategic planning in conglomerate companies,' Harvard Business Review , 43 (3), 1965, pp. 79- 92.

Berg, N. `Corporate role in diversified companies,' In B. Taylor and K. MacMillan (Eds.), Business Policy: Teaching and Research, Wiley, New York, 1973.

Berg, N. and R. A. Pitts, `Strategic management: the multi- business corporation,' In D. E. Schendel and C. W. Hofer (Eds.), Strategic Management: A New View of Business Policy and Planning, Little Brown and Company, Boston, 1979.

Berry, C. H. `Corporate growth and diversification,' Journal of Law and Economics, 14 (2), 1971, pp. 371- 383.

Berry, C. H. `Corporate diversification and market structure,' The Bell Journal of Economics and Management Science, 5 (1), 1974, pp. 196- 204.

Berry, C. H. Corporate Growth and Diversification, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 1975.

Bettis, R. A. `Performance differences in related and unrelated diversified firms,' Strategic Management Journal, 2, 1981, pp. 379- 393.

Bettis, R. A. and W. K. Hall. `Risk and industry effects in large diversified firms,' Academy of Management Proceedings, (1981a), pp. 17- 20.

Bettis, R. A. and W. K. Hall. `Strategic portfolio management in the multi- business firm,' California Management Review, 14 (1), 1981b, pp. 23- 38.

Bettis, R. A. and W. K. Hall. `Diversification strategy, accounting determined risk, and accounting determined return,' Academy of Management Journal, 25, 1982, pp. 254- 264.

Bettis, R. A., W. K. Hall and C. K. Prahalad. `Diversity and performance in the multibusiness firm,' AIDS Proceedings, 1978, pp. 210- 212.

Bettis, R. A.and V. Mahajan. `Risk / return performance of diversified firms,' Management Science, 31, 1985, pp.785- 799.

Biggadike, R. `The risky business of diversification,' Harvard Business Review, 57 (3), 1979, pp. 103- 111.

Booz, Allen and Hamilton. New Products Management for the 1980s, Booz, Allen and Hamilton, Inc., New York, 1982.

Booz, Allen and Hamilton. Diversification: A Survey of European Chief Executives, Booz, Allen and Hamilton, Inc., New York, 1985.

Bower, J. L. Managing the Resource Allocation Process, Division of Research, Graduate School of Business Administration, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 1970.

Boyle, S. E. `Pre- merger growth and profit characteristics of large conglomerate mergers in the United States 1948- 1968,' St. John's Law Review, 44, Spring 1970, pp. 152- 170.

Bradley, J. W. and D. H. Korn. `The changing role of acquisitions,' Journal of Business Strategy, 2 (4), 1982, pp. 30- 42.

Breene, R. T. and S. C. Coley. `Adding value through diversification,' The McKinsey Quarterly, Winter 1984, pp. 64- 73

Brooks, G. `Some concerns find that the push to diversify was a costly mistake,' The Wall Street Journal, October 2, 1984, p. 33.

Buhner, R. `Assessing international diversification of West German corporations,' Strategic Management Journal, 8, 1987, pp. 25- 37.

Burck, A. `The hidden trauma of merger mania,' Business Week, December 6, 1982, p. 14.

Burgelman, R. A. `Corporate entrepreneurship and strategic management: insights from a process study,' Management Science, 29, 1983, pp. 1349- 1364.

Business Week. `Asset redeployment: everything is for sale now', August 24, 1981, pp. 68- 74.

Business Week. `How the merger boom will benefit the economy,' February 6, 1984, pp. 42- 54.

Business Week. `Do mergers really work?' June 3, 1985a, pp. 88- 100.

Business Week. `Splitting up: the other side of merger mania,' July 1, 1985b, pp. 50- 55.

Buzzell, R.D. and B. T. Gale, The PIMS Principles, The Free Press, New York, 1987.

Capon, N., J. M. Hulbert, J. U. Farley, and L. E. Martin, `Corporate diversity and economic performance: the impact of market specialization," Strategic Management Journal, 9, 1988, pp. 61- 74.

Carleton, W. T., R. S. Harris, and J. F. Stewart, An Empirical Study of Merger Motives, Federal Trade Commission and Small Business Administration, Washington, D. C., 1980.

Carter, J. `In search of synergy: a structure- performance test,' Review of Economics and Statistics, 59, 1977, pp. 279- 289.

Caves, R. E., M. E. Porter, A. M. Spence, and J. T. Scott. Competition in the Open Economy: A Model Applied to Canada, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1980.

Chandler, A. D. Strategy and Structure: Chapters in the History of the American Industrial Enterprise, The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1962.

Chandrasekaran, G. `Strategy, structure, market concentration and organization performance,' Doctoral Dissertation, State University of New York at Buffalo, 1982.

Channon, D. F. `Strategy and Structure of British Enterprise,' Doctoral Dissertation, Harvard Business School, 1971.

Channon, D. F. and R. M. Jalland. Multinational Strategic Planning, Macmillan, New York, 1978.

Chapin, C. K. and D. O. Jermain, `Increasing the success of your diversification program,' Sloan Management Review, 26 (4), 1985, pp. 65- 71.

Chatterjee, S. `Types of synergy and economic value: the impact of acquisitions on merging and rival firms,' Strategic Management Journal, 7 (2), 1986, pp. 119- 139.

Chenhall, R. H. `Diversification within Australian manufacturing enterprise,' Journal of Management Studies, 21 (1), 1984, pp. 23- 60.

Christensen, H. K. and C. A. Montgomery. `Corporate economic performance: diversification strategy vs. market structure,' Strategic Management Journal, 2, 1981, pp. 327- 343.

Ciscel, D. H. and. D. Evans. `Returns to corporate diversification in the 1970s,' Managerial and Decision Economics, 5 (2), 1984, pp. 67- 71.

Conn, R. L. `Performance of conglomerate firms: comment,' The Journal of Finance, 28, 1973, pp. 754- 759.

Daniels, J. D., R. A. Pitts and M. J. Tretter. `Strategy and structure of U. S. multinationals: an exploratory study,' Academy of Management Journal, 27, 1984, pp. 292- 307.

Das, R. and B. Mohanty. `Choosing a diversification project in a regulated economy,' Long Range Planning, 14 (2), 1981, pp. 78- 86.

Davidson, K. M. `Looking at the strategic impact of mergers', Journal of Business Strategy, 2 (1), 1981, pp. 13- 22.

Davidson, K. M. Megamergers: Corporate America's Billion- Dollar Takeovers, Ballinger Publishing Company, Cambridge, MA, 1985.

Davidson, K. M. `Megamergers: a scorecard of winners and losers,' The Wall Street Journal, January 20, 1986, p. 14.

Davidson, K. M. `Do megamergers make sense?' Journal of Business Strategy, 7 (3), 1987, pp. 40- 48.

Davis, M. S. `Two plus two doesn't equal five,' Fortune, December 9, 1985, pp. 171- 179.

Day, G. S. `Diagnosing the product portfolio,' Journal of Marketing, 41 (2), 1977, pp. 29- 38.

Dess, G. G. and P. Davis. `Porter's (1980) generic strategies as determinants of strategic group membership and organizational performance,' Academy of Management Journal, 27, 1984, pp. 467- 488.

Didrichsen, J. `The development of diversified and conglomerate firms in the United States, 1920- 1970,' Business History Review, 46 (2), 1972, pp. 202- 219.

Dodd, P. `Merger proposals, management discretion, and stockholder wealth,' Journal of Financial Economics, 8, June 1980, pp. 105- 137.

Donaldson, L. `Divisionalization and diversification: a longitudinal study,' Academy of Management Journal, 25, 1982, pp. 909- 914.

Donaldson, L. `Strategy and structural adjustment to regain fit and performance: in defence of contingency theory," Journalof Management Studies, 24 (1), 1987, pp. 1- 24.

Donaldson, G. and J. W. Lorsch. Decision Making at the Top. Basic Books, Inc, New York, 1983.

Dubofsky, P. and P. Varadarajan. `Diversification and measures of performance: additional empirical evidence,' Academy of Management Journal, 30, 1987, pp. 597- 608.

Duhaime, I. M. Influences on the Divestment Decisions of Large Diversified Companies, Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh, 1981.

Duhaime, I. M. and J. H. Grant. `Factors influencing divestment decision making: evidence from a field study,` Strategic Management Journal, 5, 1984, pp. 301- 318.

Dundas, K. M. and P. R. Richardson. `Corporate strategy and the concept of market failure,' Strategic Management Journal, 1, 1980, pp. 177- 188.

Dundas, K. M. and P. R. Richardson. `Implementing the unrelated product strategy,' Strategic Management Journal, 3, 1982, pp. 287- 301.

Federal Trade Commission, The Process of Conglomerate Mergers, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1980.

Fisher, A. B. `The decade's worst mergers,' Fortune, April 30, 1984, pp. 262- 270.

Fortune. `Deals of the year,' January 25, 1982, pp. 36- 39.

Fortune. `Deals of the year,' January 24, 1983, pp. 48- 52.

Fortune. `Deals of the year,' January 23, 1984, pp. 54- 58.

Fortune. `Deals of the year,' January 21, 1985, pp. 126- 130.

Fortune. `Deals of the year,' January 20, 1986, pp. 26- 30.

Fortune. `Deals of the year,' February 2, 1987, pp. 68- 74.

Franko, L. G. `The move toward multidivisional structure by European organizations,' Administrative Science Quarterly, 19, 1974, pp. 493- 506.

Galbraith, J. R. and R. K. Kazanjian. Strategy Implementation: Structure, Systems and Process, West Publishing Company, St. Paul, MN, 1986.

Galbraith, C., B. Samuelson, C. Stiles and G. Merrill, `Diversification, industry research and development and performance,' Academy of Management Proceedings, 1986, pp. 17- 20.

Geneen, H. Managing, Doubleday, New York, 1984.

Gorecki, P. K. `An inter- industry analysis of diversification in the U.K. manufacturing sector,' Journal of Industrial Economics, 24, 1975, pp. 131- 146.

Gorecki, P. K. `A problem of measurement from plants to enterprises in the analysis of diversification: a note,' Journal of Industrial Economics, 28, 1980, pp. 327- 334.

Gort, M. Diversification and Integration in American Industry, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 1962.

Grant, R., A. Jammine, and H. Thomas. `The impact of diversification strategy upon the profitability of British manufacturing firms,' Academy of Management Proceedings, 1986, pp. 26- 30.

Grant, R., A. Jammine, and H. Thomas, `Diversity, diversification, and profitability among British manufacturing companies, 1972-1984,' Academy of Management Journal, 31, 1988, pp. 771-801.

Grinyer, P. H., and M. Yasai- Ardekani. `Strategy, structure, size and bureaucracy,' Academy of Management Journal, 24, 1981, pp. 471- 486.

Grinyer, P. H., M. Yasai- Ardekani and S. Al- Bazzaz, `Strategy, structure, the environment and financial performance in 48 United Kingdom companies,' Academy of Management Journal, 23, 1980, pp. 193- 220.

Gupta, A. K. and V. Govindarajan. `Business unit strategy, managerial characteristics, and business unit effectiveness at strategy implementation,' Academy of Management Journal, 27, 1984, pp. 25- 41.

Gupta, A. K. and V. Govindarajan. `Resource sharing among SBUs: strategic antecedents and administrative implications,' Academy of Management Journal, 29, 1986, pp. 695- 714.

Hako, B. `Strategies for diversification,' Long Range Planning, 5 (3), 1972, pp. 65- 69.

Hall, G. E. `Reflections on running a diversified company,' Harvard Business Review, 65 (1), 1987, pp. 84- 92.

Hall, D. J. and M. A. Saias. `Strategy follows structure!' Strategic Management Journal, 1, 1980, pp. 149- 163.

Halpern, P. `Empirical estimates of the amount and distribution of gains to companies in mergers,' Journal of Business, 46, 1973, pp. 554- 575.

Hamermesh, R. G. `Making planning strategic,' Harvard Business Review, 64 (4), 1986, pp. 115- 120.

Haspeslagh, P. `Portfolio planning: uses and limits,' Harvard Business Review, 60 (1), 1982, pp. 58- 73.

Haspeslagh, P. and D. B. Jemison, `Acquisitions - myths and reality' Sloan Management Review, 29 (2), 1987, pp. 53- 58.

Hassid, J. `Recent evidence on conglomerate diversification in U.K. manufacturing industry,' The Manchester School of Economic Social Studies, 43, 1975, pp. 372- 395.

Hassid, J. `Diversification and the firm's rate of growth,' The Manchester School of Economic Social Studies, 45, 1977, pp. 16- 28.

Hearth, D. and J. K. Zaima. `Voluntary corporate divestitures and value,' Financial Management, 13 (1), 1984, pp. 10- 16.

Hedley, B. `Strategy and the business portfolio,' Long Range Planning, 10 (1), 1977, pp. 9- 15.

Heggestad, A. A. and S. A. Rhoades. `Multi- market interdependence and local market competition in banking,' Review of Economics and Statistics, 60, 1978, pp. 523- 532.

Hill, C. W. L., `Conglomerate performance over the economic cycle,' Journal of Industrial Economics, 32 (12), 1983, pp. 197- 211.

Hill, C. W. L. and R. E. Hoskisson. `Strategy and structure in the multiproduct firm,' Academy of Management Review, 12, 1987, pp. 331- 341.

Hitt, M. A. and R. D. Ireland. `Peters and Waterman revisited: the unended quest for excellence,' Academy of Management Executive, 1 (2), 1987, pp. 91- 97.

Hitt, M. A., R. D. Ireland and K. A. Palia. `Industrial firms' grand strategy and functional importance: moderating effects of technology and structure,' Academy of Management Journal, 25, 1982, pp. 265- 298.

Holzmann, O. J., R. M. Copeland, and J. Hayya. `Income measures of conglomerate performance,' Quarterly Review of Economics and Business, 15 (3), 1975, pp. 67- 78.

Hoskisson, R. E. `Multidivisional structure and performance: The contingency of diversification strategy,' Academy of Management Journal, 30, 1987, pp. 625- 644.

Howard, J. `Defuse the hostility factor in acquisition talks,' Harvard Business Review, 60 (4), 1982, pp. 54- 57.

Jacquemin, A. P. and C. H. Berry. `Entropy measure of diversification and corporate growth,' Journal of Industrial Economics, 27, 1979, pp. 359- 369.

Jemison, D. B. and S. B. Sitkin. `Corporate acquisitions: a process perspective,' Academy of Management Review, 11, 1986a, pp. 145- 163.

Jemison, D.B. and S. B. Sitkin. `Acquisitions: the process can be a problem, Harvard Business Review, 64 (2), 1986b, pp. 107- 116.

Jensen, M. C. `Takeovers: folklore and science,' Harvard Business Review, 62 (6), 1984, pp. 109- 121.

Jensen, M. C. and R. S. Ruback. `The market for corporate control: the scientific evidence,` Journal of Financial Economics, 11, April 1983, pp. 5- 50.

Joehnk, M. D. and J. F. Nielsen. 'The effects of conglomerate merger activity on systematic risk,` Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 9, 1974, pp. 215- 225.

Jose, M. L., L. M. Nichols and J. L. Stevens. `Contributions of diversification, promotion, and R&D to the value of multiproduct firms: a Tobin's q approach,' Financial Management, Winter, 1986, pp. 33- 81.

Kamien, M. I. and N. L. Schwartz. `Market structure and innovation: a survey,' Journal of Economic Literature, 13 (March), 1975, pp. 1- 37.

Karnani, A. and B. Wernerfelt. `Multiple point competition,' Strategic Management Journal, 6, 1985, pp. 87- 96.

Kazanjian, R. K. and R. Drazin. `Implementing internal diversification: contingency factors for organizational design choices,' Academy of Management Review, 12, 1987, pp. 342- 354.

Kerr, J. `Diversification strategies and managerial rewards: an empirical study,' Academy of Management Journal, 28, 1985, pp. 155- 179.

Kerr, J. and J. W. Slocum. `Managing corporate culture through reward systems,' Academy of Management Executive, 1 (2), 1987, pp. 99- 108.

Khurana, R. Growth of Large Companies: Impact of Monopolies Legislation, Wiley Eastern, New Delhi, 1981.

Kono, T. Strategy and Structure of Japanese Enterprises, Macmillan, New York, 1985.

Kusewitt, J. B. `An exploratory study of strategic acquisition factors relating to performance,' Strategic Management Journal, 6, 1985, pp. 151- 169.

Lamont, B. T. and C. R. Anderson. `Mode of corporate diversification and economic performance,' Academy of Management Journal, 28, 1985, pp. 926- 934.

Landro, L. `G&W chief nears completion of strategy to reshape firm, selling units, portfolio,' The Wall Street Journal, August 21, 1984, p13.

Lauenstein, M. C. `Diversification: the hidden explanation of success,' Sloan Management Review, 27 (1), 1985, pp. 49- 55.

Lecraw, D. J. `Diversification strategy and performance,' The Journal of Industrial Economics, 33, December 1984, 179- 198.

Lecraw and D. N. Thompson. `Conglomerate mergers in Canada,' Study No. 32, A Background Report for the Royal Commission on Corporate Concentration, Ottawa, 1978.

Lemelin, A. `Relatedness in patterns of inter- industry diversification,' Review of Economics and Statistics, 1982, pp. 646- 657.

Leontiades, M. `Rationalizing the unrelated diversification,' In M. Leontiades (Ed.), Policy, Strategy and Implementation: Readings and Cases, Random House, Inc., New York, 1983.

Leontiades, M. `The rewards of diversifying into unrelated businesses,' Journal of Business Strategy, 6 (4), 1986a, pp. 81- 87.

Leontiades, M. Managing the Unmanageable: Strategies for Success Within the Conglomerate, Addison- Wesley, Reading, MA, 1986b.

Leontiades, M. and A. Tezel. `Some connections between corporate- level planning and diversity,' Strategic Management Journal, 2, 1981, pp. 413- 418.

Lev, B. and G. B. Mandelker. `The micro- economic consequences of corporate mergers,' Journal of Business, 45, 1972, 85-104.

Levitt, T. `Dinosaurs among the bears and bulls,' Harvard Business Review, 53 (1), 1975, pp. 41- 53.

Levy, H. and M. Sarnat. `Diversification, portfolio analysis and the uneasy case for conglomerate mergers,' The Journal of Finance, 25, 1970, pp. 795- 802.

Little, R. `Conglomerates are doing better than you think,' Fortune, May 28 1984, pp. 50- 60.

Lorsch, J. W. and S. A. Allen III. Managing Diversity and Interdependence: An Organizational Study of Multi- Divisional Firms, Division of Research, Graduate School of Business Administration, Harvard University, Boston, 1973.

Louis, A. M. `The bottom line on ten big mergers,' Fortune, May 3, 1982, pp. 84- 89.

Lubatkin, M. `Mergers and the performance of the acquiring firm,' Academy of Management Review, 8, 1983, pp. 218- 225.

Lubatkin, M. `Merger strategies and stockholder value,' Strategic Management Journal, 8, 1987, pp. 39- 53.

Luffman, G. A. and R. Reed. `Diversification in British industry in the 1970s,' Strategic Management Journal, 3, 1982, pp. 303- 314.

Lynch, H. H. Financial Performance of Conglomerates, Harvard Business School, Boston, MA, 1971.

MacDonald, J. M. `R&D and the direction of diversification,' Review of Economics and Statistics, 1985, pp. 583- 590.

Markham, J. W. Conglomerate Enterprise and Economic Performance, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1973.

Mason, R. H. and M. B. Goudzwaard. `Performance of conglomerate firms: a portfolio approach,' The Journal of Finance, 31, 1976, pp. 39- 48.

McDougall, F. M. and D. K. Round. `A comparison of diversifying and nondiversifying Australian industrial firms'Academy of Management Journal, 27, 1984, pp. 384- 398.

Melicher, R. W. and D. F. Rush. `The performance of conglomerate firms: recent risk and return experience,' The Journal of Finance, 28, 1973, pp. 381- 388.

Melicher, R. W. and D. F. Rush. `Evidence on the acquisition- related performance of conglomerate firms,' The Journal of Finance, 29, 1974, 141-149.

Michel, A. and I. Shaked. `Does business diversification affect performance?' Financial Management, 13 (4), 1984, pp. 18- 25.

Miles, R. H. Coffin Nails and Corporate Strategies, Prentice- Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1982.

Montgomery, C. A. Diversification, Market Structure, and Firm Performance: An Extension of Rumelt's Work, Doctoral Dissertation, Purdue University, 1979.

Montgomery, C. A. `The measurement of firm diversification: some new empirical evidence,' Academy of Management Journal, 25, 1982, pp. 299- 307.

Montgomery, C. A. `Product- market diversification and market power,' Academy of Management Journal, 28, 1985, pp. 789- 798.

Montgomery, C. A. and H. Singh. `Diversification strategy and systematic risk,' Strategic Management Journal, 5, 1984, pp. 181- 191.

Montgomery, C. A., A. R. Thomas and R. Kamath. `Divestiture, market valuation, and strategy,' Academy of Management Journal, 27, 1984, pp. 830- 840.

Mueller, D. C. `The effects of conglomerate mergers: a survey of the empirical evidence,' Journal of Banking and Finance, 1, 1977, pp. 315- 347.

Napier, N. K. and M. Smith. `Product diversification, performance criteria and compensation at the corporate manager level,' Strategic Management Journal, 8 (2), 1987, pp. 195- 201.

Nathanson, D. A. `The strategic diversity classification system: a framework for decision making,' In W. D. Guth (Ed.), Handbook of Business Strategy, Warren, Gorham, and Lamont, Inc., New York, 1985.

Nathanson, D. A. and J. Cassano. `Organization, diversity, and performance,' The Wharton Magazine, Summer 1982, pp. 19- 26.

Nees, D. `Increase your divestment effectiveness,' Strategic Management Journal, 2, 1981, pp. 119- 130.

Paine, F. T. and D. J. Power. `Merger strategy: an examination of Drucker's five rules for successful acquisitions,' Strategic management Journal, 5, 1984, pp. 99- 110.

Palepu, K. `Diversification strategy, profit performance, and the entropy measure,' Strategic Management Journal, 6, 1985, pp. 239- 255.

Parsons, A. J. `Hidden value: key to successful acquisition,' The McKinsey Quarterly, Summer 1984, pp. 21- 34.

Pavan, R. J. `The strategy and structure of Italian industrial enterprise,' Doctoral Dissertation, Harvard Business School, 1972.

Peters, T. J. and R. H. Waterman. In Search of Excellence: Lessons from America's Best- Run Companies, Harper & Row, New York, 1982.

Pitts, R. A. `Incentive compensation and organization design,' Personnel Journal, 53, 1974, pp. 338- 344.

Pitts, R. A. `Diversification strategies and organizational policies of large diversified firms,' Journal of Economics and Business, 28, 1976, pp. 181- 188.

Pitts, R. A. `Strategies and structures for diversification,' Academy of Management Journal, 20, 1977, pp. 197- 208.

Pitts, R. A. `The relative contribution of internal developments and acquisitions to the diversification of large industrial firms,' Academy of Management Proceedings, 1978, pp. 127- 131.

Pitts, R. A. `Toward a contingency theory of multibusiness organization design,' Academy of Management Journal, 5, 1980, pp. 203- 210.

Pitts, R. A. and H. D. Hopkins. `Firm diversity: conceptualization and measurement,' Academy of Management Review, 7, 1982, pp. 620- 629.

Pooley- Dias, G. `Strategy and structure of French enterprise,' Doctoral Dissertation, Harvard Business School, 1972.

Porter, M. E. `Consumer behavior, retailer power, and market performance in consumer goods industries,' Review of Economics and Statistics, 56, 1974, pp. 419-436.

Porter, M. E. Interbrand Choice, Strategy, and Bilateral Market Power, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1976.

Porter, M. E. Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors, The Free Press, New York, 1980.

Porter, M. E. Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance, The Free Press, New York, 1985.

Porter, M. E. `From competitive advantage to corporate strategy,' Harvard Business Review, 65 (3), 1987, pp. 43- 59.

Prahalad, C. K. and R. A. Bettis. `The dominant logic: a new linkage between diversity and performance,' Strategic Management Journal, 7, 1986, pp. 485- 501.

Prosper, P. A. and J. E. Smith, Jr. `Conglomerate mergers and public policy,' Journal of Economic Issues, 5, 1971, pp. 117- 121.

Ravenscraft, D. and F. M. Scherer. `The lag structure of returns to research and development,' Journal of Applied Economics, 14, 1982, pp. 603- 620.

Ravenscraft, D. and F. M. Scherer. `Structure-profit relationships at the line of business and industry level,' Review of Economics and Statistics, 65, 1982a, pp. 22-30.

Reed, R. and G. A. Luffman. `Diversification: the growing confusion,' Strategic Management Journal, 7, 1986, pp. 29- 35.

Reid, S. R. Mergers, Managers, and the Economy, McGraw- Hill, New York, 1968.

Reid, S. R. `A reply to the Weston/Mansinghka criticisms dealing with conglomerate mergers,' The Journal of Finance, 26, 1971, pp. 937- 946.

Rhoades, S. A. `The effect of diversification on industry profit performance in 241 manufacturing industries: 1963,' The Review of Economics and Statistics, 55 (2), 1973, pp. 146- 155.

Rhoades, S. A. `A further evaluation of the effect of diversification on industry profit performance,' The Review of Economics and Statistics, 56, 1974, pp. 557- 559.

Roberts, E. B. and C. A. Berry. `Entering new businesses: selecting strategies for success,' Sloan Management Review, 27 (3), 1985, pp. 57- 71.

Rumelt, R. P. Strategy, Structure, and Economic Performance, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1974.

Rumelt, R. P. `Diversification strategy and profitability,' Strategic Management Journal, 3, 1982, pp. 359- 369.

Salter, M. S. and W. S. Weinhold. `Diversification via acquisition: creating value,' Harvard Business Review, 56 (4), 1978, pp. 166- 176.

Salter, M. S. and W. S. Weinhold. Diversification Through Acquisition, The Free Press, New York, 1979.

Salter, M. S. and W. S. Weinhold. `Choosing compatible acquisitions,' Harvard Business Review, 59 (1), 1981, pp. 117- 127.

Scherer, F. M. Industrial Market Structure and Economic Performance, 2nd edition, Rand McNally College Publishing Company, Chicago, 1980.

Scherer, F. M. `Mergers, sell-offs, and managerial behavior,' Working Paper, Swarthmore College, 1984.

Scott, B. R. `The new industrial state: old myths and new realities,' Harvard Business Review, 51 (2), 1973, pp. 133- 148.

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